Contraception is carefully formulated for men and women to prevent pregnancy before it commences. A woman becomes pregnant when the egg released is fertilized by the sperm ejaculated. The fertilized egg gets attached to the womb, where the baby stays until fully developed. Ovulation, in this case, is the control exerted by hormones to release eggs and accept fertilized eggs.

The choice of birth control is dependent on several factors, such as the health of the person, how sexually active they are, how many sexual partners they have at a time, and whether they want to have children in the future.

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Methods for Birth Control

  • Using cervical caps, condoms, contraceptive sponges, and diaphragms can help prevent sperms from fertilizing the eggs. Condoms and diaphragms are known to be the best barriers to avoiding pregnancy. The female condom, however, isn’t half as effective. For women who haven’t had a vaginal birth, the cervical cap and contraceptive sponges are most effective — however, the opposite is true if they have had a vaginal birth.
  • Birth control pills, emergency contraceptive pills, patches, shots, and vaginal rings may be used to keep ovaries from releasing eggs that can be fertilized. These are largely referred to as hormonal contraceptives that contain traces of human-made estrogen and progestin hormones that inhibit the body’s natural hormones to prevent pregnancy. This may stop the body from ovulating and alter the cervical mucus to prohibit the sperm from entering the cervix to find an egg.
  • Sterilization to permanently stop yourself from getting pregnant or getting someone else pregnant. For women, sterilization is referred to as tubal ligation; however, for men, it’s called vasectomy.
  • An intrauterine device or IUD is a T-shaped object that fits inside the uterus to keep the sperm from fertilizing the egg. This method is preferred for its less than one percent chance of getting pregnant. In addition, it’s a hassle-free method, safe to use when breastfeeding, and lasts a fairly long time.