Insomnia is a common sleep disorder in which you have trouble falling or staying asleep. It impacts your mood, energy levels, mental and physical health, and quality of life.

Most of us, at some point in our lives, experience short-term insomnia which can last from a day to a few weeks. On the other hand, some people suffer from chronic, or long-term insomnia that lasts for months.

Types of Insomnia

There are two main types of insomnia:

Primary Insomnia

In primary insomnia, your sleep issues don’t have any underlying health conditions.

Secondary Insomnia

Here, you have trouble falling asleep because of health conditions like depression, cancer, asthma, pain, medication, or drugs.

Symptoms

Symptoms of insomnia may include:

  • Difficulty falling asleep
  • Constantly waking up during the night
  • Sleepiness during the day
  • Depression, anxiety, irritability
  • Lack of focus, memory issues
  • Fatigue

Causes

Primary insomnia could result because of:

  • Major stress related to life-changing events
  • External things like light, noise, or temperature
  • Changes to sleep schedule due to travel or work
  • Poor sleep habits
  • Too much caffeine
  • Genetics

Chronic insomnia usually has underlying medical conditions. Treating them may also treat insomnia and result in improved sleep.

  • Mental health issues like anxiety, depression, PTSD
  • Medications
  • Pain
  • Use of drugs, alcohol, nicotine, or caffeine
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Other sleep disorders
  • ADHD
  • PMS, menopause
  • Alzheimer’s
  • Other medical conditions

Treatment

Primary insomnia doesn’t need treatment. Your doctor may prescribe you sleeping pills temporarily.

For chronic insomnia, it’s necessary to treat underlying conditions and health issues. You may need behavioral therapy as well.

Prevention

  • A consistent bedtime and waketime helps
  • Staying active promotes sleep
  • Limit or avoid naps
  • Limit or avoid caffeine and alcohol
  • Don’t use nicotine
  • Don’t eat large meals before bedtime
  • Make your bedroom comfortable.
  • Follow a relaxing bedtime routine
  • Try to limit the use of e-books and phones before sleep

If insomnia is making it difficult for you to function during the day, book an appointment with our specialists today to help treat it.